RESEARCH ARTICLE


Study of Genetic Evolution in Mycobacterium tuberculosis Isolates from Patients with Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis in the Iran and Belarus



Saeed Zaker Bostanabad1, 2, 9, *, Mehdi Shekarabei2, 3, Seyed Ali Nojoumi4, Esmaeil Jabbarzadeh4, Mostafa Ghalami2, 5, Vahid Molla Kazemi7, Mostafa Gholi Beigdeli2, Mohammad Karim Rahimi6, Mohammad Bossak6, Evgeni Romanovich Sagalchyk8, Larisa Konstantina Surkova8, Aksana Mikhaelovna Zalutska8, Veronika Slizen9, 10, Leonid Petrovich Titov9, 10
1 Microbiology and Biology Department, IAU university- Parand branch, Iran
2 Mycobacteriology Department, Massoud Laboratory, Iran
3 Immunology Department, Iran State Medical University, Iran
4 Pasteur Institute of Iran, Iran
5 National reference tuberculosis laboratory of Iran, Iran
6 Medical microbiology Department, IAU university- Tehran Medical branch, Iran
7 Cell Bank Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Iran
8 Institute of Pulmonary and Tuberculosis in Minsk- Belarus, Iran
9 Belarusian Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology in Minsk- Belarus, Iran
10 Microbiology and Immunology Department, Belarusian State Medical University, Iran


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Creative Commons License
© Bostanabad et al.; Licensee Bentham Open.

open-access license: This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non-commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited.

* Address correspondence to this author at the Medical Bacteriologist, Molecular Geneticist, Microbiology & Biology Department, IAU University, Parand branch, Tehran, Iran; Tel: 00982294733070; Fax: 00982294733071; E-mail: saeedzaker20@yahoo.com


Abstract

Objective:

This is the new comparative geogenetic molecular evolution research of M. tuberculosis in Iran and Belarus. Thus, we researched the genetic patterns of samples collected in the first survey of anti-tuberculosis drug-resistance by gene coding of RNA polymerase as part of the international project of on tuberculosis.

Method:

DNA extraction and amplification of rpoB gene was performed. All PCR products of gene were sequenced using the Amersham auto sequencer. For analysing phenogram has been demonstrated by method UPGMA and Neighbour-Joining. Clinical isolates (70/473) were analyzed by using sequencing gene rpoB and genotyped by program DNAMAN and MEGA.

Results:

The all data were compared with the international database of national center for biotechnology information website. Multi drug resistant of tuberculosis patient (MDR-TB) was 92% in never treated and 8% in previously treated. Mutations in rpoB gene and katG genes were showed in 95% and 84% of the MDR isolates, respectively. Two clusters were found to be identical by the four different analysis methods, presumably representing cases of recent transmission of MDR tuberculosis. The other isolates are divided in Iran into 2 groups: group A – similar to the Eastern strains (China, Taiwan) and group B – strains of another genotype. And 3 groups in Belarus: group A - Strains of the first group are more similar to the standard European and Eastern ones China and Taiwan) which diverged in the last 10 years (Genetic evolution rate), i.e. they are relatively new ones, and that is confirmed by the mutations, group B - Strains of the second group diverged earlier; they are older than the strains of the first group (16 years old- time and rate of evolution) and group C - Strains of the third group are similar to European strains and only circulate in Brest region. They are grouped separately on the phenogram and became prevalent in Iran (they are called Iranian residential strains and also is genetic analogy between group A from Iran and Belarusian isolates.

Conclusion:

This research gives a first result on genetic evolution of the M. tuberculosis strains distributing in the Iran and Belarus during the first survey of anti-tuberculosis drug-resistance and is homologies between groups A from Iran with group A from Belarus. It may aid in the creation of a national database that will be a valuable support for further studies.

Keyword: Rate of Genetic Evolution, M. tuberculosis, Iranian and Belarusian isolates.